Other commonly used acronyms

3D

three-dimensional

5G

5^th generation cellular access

AAL

active assisted living

ABCS

ambient backscatter communications system

ABS

anti-lock braking system

AC

alternating current [not a.c. nor ac]

ACL

access control list

ADC

analog-to-digital converter

ADECP

autonomous data exchange control profile

ADHD

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

ADR

automatic demand response

ADSPT

advanced standards processing tool

AFC

alkaline fuel cell

AGC

automatic generation control

AI

artificial intelligence

AIM

application infrastructure and middleware

AIN

asset intelligence network

AIR

automated image recognition

ALM

active load management

AM

additive manufacturing

AMI

advanced metering infrastructure

ANM

active network management

ANN

artificial neural network

API

application programming interface

ARIMA

autoregressive integrated moving average

ARM

architectural reference model

ARMA

autoregressive moving average

ASIC

application-specific integrated circuit

AuR

autonomous robots

AVR

automatic voltage regulator

BBCS

bistatic backscatter communications system

BCI

brain-computer interface

BCM

business continuity management

BEMPs

best environmental management practices

BEMS

building energy management system

BI

business intelligence

BIM

building information modeling

BMS

battery management system

BOM

bill of materials

BOS

balance of system

BPS

bulk power system

C&I

commercial and industrial

CAAGR

compound average annual growth rate

CACC

cooperative adaptive cruise control

CAES

compressed air energy storage

CAGR

compound annual growth rate

CAIDI

customer average interruption duration index

CAIFI

customer average interruption frequency index

CAPEX

capital expenditure

CART

classification and regression tree

CATIA

computer-aided three-dimensional interactive application

CAx

computer-aided technologies

CBA

cost-benefit analysis

CBM

condition-based maintenance

CCD

Common Data Dictionary

CCHP

combined cooling, heat and power

CDE

common data environment

CEP

complex event processing

CHP

combined heat and power

CHPS

combined heat and power system

CIM

common information model

CM

configuration management

CM

corrective maintenance

CMMI

capability maturity model integration

CNC

computer numerical control

CNN

convolutional neural network

CO

carbon monoxide

CO₂

carbon dioxide

CoAP

constrained application protocol

COD

chemical oxygen demand

COP

conference of the parties

COSEM

companion specification for energy metering

CPG

coupled power generation

CPPS

cyber-physical production system

CPS

cyber-physical system

CPU

central processing unit

CRISP-DM

cross industry standard process for data mining

CRM

customer relationship management

CSC

current source converter

CSP

concentrated solar power

CSR

controllable shunt reactor

CSS

Cascading Style Sheets

CT

communication technology

DA

distribution automation

DB

database

DC

direct current [not d.c. nor dc]

DCAT

data catalog vocabulary

DCS

distributed control system

DER

distributed energy resource

DERMS

distributed energy resource management system

DevOps

development and operations

DG

distributed generation

DID

decentralized identifiers

DIS

draft International Standard

DL

description logic

DLC

double layer capacitor

DMS

document management system

DNN

deep neural network

DPD

digital product definition

DPM

digital product memory

DR

demand response

DSA

dynamic security analysis

DSAN

deep subdomain adaptive network

DSM

demand-side management

DSN

distributed sensor network

DSO

distribution system operator

DSR

demand-side resource

DT

digital transformation

DTC

diagnostic trouble code

DTU

demand turn up

EAM

environmental assessment and management

EAS

electric acoustic stimulation

EBL

explanation-based learning

ECG

electrocardiographic / electrocardiogram

EDI

electronic data interchange

EEA

energy efficiency assessment

EEE

electrical energy efficiency

EES

electrical energy storage

EHR

electronic health record

EMC

electromagnetic compatibility

EMS

energy management system

EMS-API

energy management system application programme interface

EMMS

electricity market management system

ERP

Centerprise resource planning

ERR

economic rate of return

ERS

essential reliability service

ESC

electronic stability control

ESCO

energy services company

ESP

event stream processing

ESPC

energy saving performance contract

ESS

energy storage system

EUE

expected unserved energy

EV

electric vehicle

EVPP

electric vehicle virtual power plant

EVSE

electric vehicle supply equipment

FACTS

flexible AC transmission system

FAIR

findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable

FB

flow battery

FBC

fluidized bed combustion

FEMS

factory energy management system

FES

flywheel energy storage

FES

functional electric stimulation

FITH

fiber to the home

FMEA

failure mode and effects analysis

FoF

factory of the future

FTTH

fiber to the home

FTTX

fiber to the X

FTU

field terminal unit

G2P

gas-to-power

GC

gate closure

GCM

generic conceptual model

GDF

geographic data files

GDP

gross domestic product

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation [EU]

GEI

global energy interconnection

GHG

greenhouse gas

GID

geographical information system

GIS

geographic information system

GMS

generation management system

GPS

global positioning system

GPT

generative pre-trained transformer

GPU

graphics processing unit

GSM

global system for mobile communications

GUS

generic user story

GWP

global warming potential

H₂

hydrogen gas

H2P

heat-to-power

hDAA

harmonized data access agreement

HEMS

home energy management system

HEV

hybrid electric vehicle

HFB

hybrid flow battery

HFR

high flux reactor

HHV

high heating value

HMI

human-machine interface

HP

high pressure

HRSG

heat recovery steam generator

HTC

hydrothermal carbonization

HTM

hierarchical temporal memory

HTS

HTS

HTTP

hypertext transfer protocol

HV

host vehicle

HVAC

high-voltage alternating current

HVDC

high-voltage direct current

HW

hardware

HWACT

half-wavelength AC transmission

I/O

input/output

IaaS

infrastructure as a service

IAM

identity and access management

ICI

information and communication infrastructure

ICT

information and communication technology

IGBT

Insulated gate bipolar transistor

IGCC

integrated gasification combined cycle

IIoT

industrial Internet of Things

IIM

integrated information model

IIRA

industrial internet reference architecture

ILR

interruptible load for reliability

IM

identity management

IM

information management

IoT

Internet of Things

IoT RA

Internet of Things reference architecture

IOU

investor owned utility

IP

internet protocol

IPP

independent power producer

IRDI

International Registration Data Identifier

IRI

International Resource Identifier

ISV

independent software vendor

IT

information technology

k-NN

k-nearest neighbour

KPI

key performance indicator

LA

lead acid

LAN

local area network

LCC

line-commutated converter

LCOE

levelized cost of energy

LED

light-emitting diode

Li-ion

lithium ion

LMMD

list mapping motion description

LP

low pressure

LSE

load serving entity

LTE

long term evolution

LVDC

low voltage direct current

LVRT

low voltage ride through

M2M

machine to machine

MAC

media access control

MBB

mobile broadband

MCFC

molten carbonate fuel cell

MDM

meter data management

MEMS

microelectromechanical systems

MES

manufacturing execution system

MES

multi-energy system

MFI

metamodel framework for interoperability

MILP

mixed-integer linear programming

MIMO

multiple-input multiple-output

ML

machine learning

mMTC

massive machine-type communications

MoU

memorandum of understanding

MR

magnetic resonance

MSW

municipal solid waste

MSWtE

municipal solid waste to energy

MTDC

multi-terminal direct current

MWe

megawatt electric

NB-IoT

narrowband Internet of Things

NFC

near field communication

NGO

non-governmental organization

NO_x

oxides of nitrogen

NLP

natural language processing

NPU

neural processing unit

NSB

national standardization body

NTLM

New Technology LAN Manager (Microsoft security protocol suite)

NWP

numerical weather prediction

O&M

operation and maintenance

OATT

open access transmission tariff

OEM

original equipment manufacturer

OHL

overhead line

OLTP

online transaction processing

OPEX

operational expenditure

ORC

organic Rankine cycle

OSS

open source software

OT

operational technology

OWL

web ontology language

OWP

Open Web Platform

P2G

power-to-gas

P2L

power-to-liquid

PaaS

platform as a service

PAFC

phosphoric acid fuel cell

PCS

power conversion system

PB

petabyte

pdf

portable document format

PDM

product data management

PEMFC

proton exchange membrane fuel cell

PEV

plug-in electric vehicle

PHEV

plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

PHS

pumped hydro storage

PHY

physical layer

PIR

private information retrieval

PKI

public key infrastructure

PLC

programmable logic controller

PLM

product lifecycle management

PPP

public private partnership

PRD

price responsive demand

ProSe

proximity service

PV

photovoltaic

QC

quality control

QI

quality infrastructure

QMS

quality management system

QoI

question of interest

QoL

quality of life

QoS

quality of service

R&A

repairs and alterations

R&D

research and development

RAT

radio access technology

RCM

reliability-centred maintenance

RDBMS

relational database management system

RDF

refuse derived fuel

RDF

resource description framework

RDFS

RDF schema

RDL

reference data library

RE

renewable energy

RES

renewable energy source

RESS

rechargeable energy storage system

RFB

redox flow battery

RFID

radio frequency identification

RFP

Request for Proposals

RIF

rule interchange format

RMS

root mean square [not r.m.s. nor rms]

RNN

recurrent neural network

ROI

return on investment

RSU

roadside unit

RV

remote vehicle

SaaS

software as a service

SAIDI

system average interruption duration index

SAIFI

system average interruption frequency index

SBG

surplus base-load generation

SCADA

supervisory control and data acquisition

SCADA/EMS

supervisory control and data acquisition/energy management system

SCED

security constrained economic dispatch

SCGT

simple cycle gas turbine

SCIG

squirrel cage induction generator

SCIM

system for cross-domain identity management

SCM

supply chain management

SCRA

Smart Cities Reference Architecture

SCWG

supercritical water gasification

SDG

sustainable development goal [of the UN]

SDI

semantic data interconnect

SDN

software defined networking

SDO

standards developing organization

SE

systems engineering

SESS

superconducting energy storage system

SGIRM

smart grid interoperability reference model

SGUI

smart grid user interface

SIDM

system interfaces for distribution management

SLA

service level agreement

SMART

standards machine applicable, readable and transferable

SME

small and medium enterprise

SMES

superconducting magnetic energy storage

SNG

synthetic natural gas

SO

system operator

SO₂

sulfur dioxide

SO_x

sulfur oxide

SOA

service oriented architecture

SOAP

service oriented architecture protocol

SOL

system operating limit

SOFC

solid oxide fuel cell

SOP

standard operating procedures

SoS

system of systems

SOSA

Sensor, Observation, Sampler, and Actuator (ontology)

SRD

systems reference deliverable

SSO

single sign-on

SSN

Semantic Sensor Network (ontology)

ST

systems thinking

STATCOM

static synchronous compensator

STE

solar thermal energy

STIX

structured threat information expression

SUMO

Suggested Upper Merged Ontology

SVG

scalable vector graphics

SVM

support vector machine

SW

semantic web

SW

software

TACAS

thermal compressed air energy storage

TB

terabyte

TBM

time-based maintenance

TCP

transmission control protocol

TCSC

thyristor controlled series compensator

TDMA

time division multiple access

TLO

top-level ontology

TLS

transport layer security

TMB

Technical Management Board [of ISO]

TOPSIS

technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution

TO

transmission owner

TPA

third party access

TSMP

time synchronized mesh protocol

TSN

time sensitive network

TSO

transmission system operator

TSP

trust, security and privacy

UCC

urban consolidation centre

UFR

under-frequency relay

UHV

ultra-high voltage

UHVAC

ultra-high voltage alternating current

UHVDC

ultra-high voltage direct current

UML

unified modeling language

UPI

ubiquitous public access

UPS

uninterruptable power supply

URLLC

ultra-reliable low-latency communications

USN

ubiquitous sensor network

UWB

ultra-wideband

V2G

vehicle to grid

V2H

vehicle to home [appliances]

VAR

volt ampere reactive

VC

verifiable credential

VHT

virtual human twin

VOC

volatile organic compounds

VoLL

value of lost load

VPN

virtual private network

VPP

virtual power plant

VR

virtual reality

VRFB

vanadium redox flow battery

VSA

voltage stability analysis

VSC

voltage source converter

VSG

virtual synchronous generator

VVUQ

Content

WAN

wide area network

WBS

work breakdown structure

WIA

wireless networks for industrial automation

WISA

wireless interface for sensors and actuators

WLAN

wireless local area network

WMAN

wireless metropolitan area network

WOFF

Web Open Font Format

WoT

Web of Things

WoT

web of trust

WPAN

wireless personal area network

WPP

wind power plant

WRIG

wound rotor induction generator

WSAT

wind security assessment tool

WSN

wireless sensor network

WT

wind turbine

WtE

waste to energy

WTG

wind turbine generator

WWAN

wireless wide area network

XaaS

anything-as-a-service

XML

extensible markup language

XR

extended reality